Note 1 at 2 Tim. 4:1: The Greek verb "DIAMARTUROMAI" is translated as our English word "charge." Wuest's Greek Word Studies states, "In pagan Greek it was used to call the gods and men to witness. It was used in such an expression as 'I adjure thee'" (Vol. 2, p.152). See reference a at this verse.

Note 2 at 2 Tim. 4:1: The word "therefore" links Paul's statement in verse one to the last two verses of chapter three (see note 2 at Gal. 5:1, p. 1078). Paul had just stated that it is the Word of God that provids us with everything it takes to become a perfect or mature believer. Therefore, we must give priority to preaching God's Word (v. 2).

Note 3 at 2 Tim. 4:1: The New International Version translates this phrase "before God" as "in the presence of God." This phrase was translated from the Greek word "ENOPION" which means, "is used of one who does or says something in the presence of someone else, and does it with the consciousness that one has him in sight and mind" (Wuest).

Paul is invoking the witness of God in his commands to Timothy. Paul is reminding Timothy that these are not just his instructions, but God has led him to give these commands and he is counting on God to hold Timothy to them.

It is before the Lord Jesus and the presence of God that this charge is given to Timothy. Ultimate accountability does not lie in a church board, denomination or human institution, but before God. This charge must be viewed as of the utmost importance.

Note 4 at 2 Tim. 4:1: To further emphasize the importance of this charge, the judgment of both the living and the dead is mentioned in view of the nearness of Christ's appearance and His kingdom. Paul is telling Timothy that he will be accountable to the Lord someday for how well he carries out his instructions.