Note 4 at Lu 3:2: The Mosaic Law called for only one high priest, and yet both Caiaphas and Annas are referred to as high priest (Joh 18:24 and Ac 4:6). This may be explained by the fact that Annas had been appointed high priest in A.D. 6 but was forced by the Roman government to resign in A.D. 15. Apparently, the Jews continued to regard Annas as the genuine high priest. Caiaphas was the second to succeed Annas in the office of high priest, an office that was appointed by the whims of the Roman government. The fact that Caiaphas was son-in-law to Annas would further suggest Annas' continued influence and thereby explain him being referred to as high priest.